Evaluation of Metrics and Baselines for Tracking Greenhouse Gas Emissions Trends

Title: Recommendations for the California Climate Action Registry
Publisher:LBNL
Publication Number: LBNL-53027
Pages: 117

 

The California Climate Action Registry, which was initially established in 2000 and began operation in Fall 2002, is a voluntary registry for recording annual greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The purpose of the Registry is to assist California businesses and organizations in their efforts to inventory and document emissions in order to establish a baseline and to document early actions to increase energy efficiency and decrease GHG emissions. The State of California has committed to use its “best efforts” to ensure that entities that establish GHG emissions baselines and register their emissions will receive “appropriate consideration under any future international, federal, or state regulatory scheme relating to greenhouse gas emissions”. Reporting of GHG emissions involves documentation of both “direct” emissions from sources that are under the entity’s control and “indirect” emissions controlled by others. Electricity generated by an off-site power source is considered to be an indirect GHG emission and is required to be included in the entity’s report.

Registry participants include businesses, non-profit organizations, municipalities, state agencies, and other entities. Participants are required to register the GHG emissions of all operations in California, and are encouraged to report nationwide. For the first three years of participation, the Registry only requires the reporting of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, although participants are encouraged to report the remaining five Kyoto Protocol GHGs (CH4, N2O, HFCs, PFCs, and SF6). After three years, reporting of all six Kyoto GHG emissions is required. The enabling legislation for the Registry (SB 527) requires total GHG emissions to be registered and requires reporting of “industry-specific metrics” once such metrics have been adopted by the Registry.

The Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Berkeley Lab) was asked to provide technical assistance to the California Energy Commission (Energy Commission) related to the Registry in three areas: 1) assessing the availability and usefulness of industry-specific metrics, 2) evaluating various methods for establishing baselines for calculating GHG emissions reductions related to specific actions taken by Registry participants, and 3) establishing methods for calculating electricity CO2 emission factors. The third area of research was completed in 2002 and is documented in Estimating Carbon Dioxide Emissions Factors for the California Electric Power Sector (Marnay et al., 2002). This report documents our findings related to the first areas of research.